Effect of White Noise and Brahms’ Lullaby on Infants' Pain, and Physiological Parameters during Invasive Interventions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Lecturer of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University, Egypt

2 Assistant Professor of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Pain relief is achieved through pharmacological and non-
pharmacological methods. White noise and lullaby sounds are suggested as non-
pharmacologic strategy to relief pain that can be applied to infants during invasive
interventions. Aim: Evaluate the effect of white noise and Brahms’ lullaby on
infants' pain and physiological parameters during invasive interventions. Design:
randomized controlled trial. Subjects & Setting: purposive sample of 90 infants
from Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Tanta Main University
Hospital and Elmabara Hospital. Tools: Tool I: Infants' bio-social characteristics,
Tool II: Infants' Physiological Parameters, Tool III: Infant Pain Scale. Results:
The infants in the white noise group had none to mild pain, while the lullaby group
experienced mild to moderate pain as compared to the control group who
experienced severe pain. Conclusion: White noise and Brahms’ lullaby were
effective in reducing infants' pain and improve physiological parameters during
invasive interventions. Recommendation: Pediatric nurses should adopt non-
pharmacological approaches including white noise and Brahms' lullaby to relieve
pain during invasive interventions on infants.

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History

  • Receive Date: 21 July 2025
  • Accept Date: 21 July 2025

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