Effect of Shallow versus Deep Suctioning Techniques on Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure Measurements and Physiological Indices among Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation

Al-mayetiazidy, Rehab A.; Younis, , Gehan A.; Ahmed, Sameh A.; Allam, , Zainab A.

doi:10.21608/tsnj.2024.349143

Effect of Shallow versus Deep Suctioning Techniques on Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressure Measurements and Physiological Indices among Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ 1Master student of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University, Egypt. 2Clinical Instructor at Health Technical Institute in Tanta, Egypt.

² Professor of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University, Egypt.

³ Assistant Prof of Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt

⁴ Assistant Prof of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University, Egypt

10.21608/tsnj.2024.349143

Abstract

Background: Endotracheal suctioning has a significant impact on the physiological indices,
and it is one of the most common interventions in mechanically ventilated patients that can
impact the endotracheal tube cuff pressure. Aim: The current study aimed to investigate the
effect of shallow versus deep suctioning techniques on endotracheal cuff pressure
measurements and physiological indices among patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.
Design: Quasi-experimental study design. Setting: This study was conducted at both
Anesthesia Intensive Care Unit and Traumatology and Emergency Medicine Intensive Care
Unit in Tanta Emergency Hospital affiliated to Tanta University Hospitals. Subjects: A
purposive sampling of 100 adult patients from previously mentioned setting. Tools: Three
tools were used to obtain necessary data for this study: Tool I: Mechanically ventilated
patient assessment tool, tool II: Endotracheal cuff pressure measurements schedule. Tool III:
Physiological indices assessment. Results: there was a decrease in ETT cuff pressure after
suctioning compared to pre suctioning in both groups. Also, SBP increased immediately after
suctioning among both groups, then returned to the previous range after 10 minutes of
suctioning. On the other hand, significant differences were noticed regarding MAP, HR, and
SpO2 only in the deep suctioning group with P<0.05. Conclusion: It can be concluded that
deep endotracheal suctioning is more effective in removing secretions and improving SpO2.
Meanwhile, it may induce higher variations in hemodynamic parameters and tube cuff
pressure than shallow endotracheal suctioning. Recommendations: CCNs are recommended
to perform ETT suctioning using the shallow method while deep suctioning should be used
only if indicated.